Northern Light Pediatrics-Newsletter

Be wary of hidden hazards in swimming pools

As the heat index rises, so does the number of people cooling off in swimming pools. And while drowning is a major concern at pools, it is not the only safety factor to focus on this summer.

A hidden hazard to watch for is the threat of electrocution. Since 1990, 60 deaths and nearly 50 serious shocks have been reported, according to the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC). The American Red Cross and CPSC have issued a warning about electrical hazards in and around swimming pools.

The CPSC is most concerned with underwater lighting; aging electrical wiring; the use of sump pumps, power washers, and vacuums that are not grounded; and electrical appliances and extension cords falling or being pulled into the water. All of these hazards present an even greater risk if the lighting, circuits, and nearby receptacles are not protected by ground-fault circuit-interrupters (GFCIs), the best safety device to prevent electrocutions.

"Older pools are the biggest concern, as underwater lighting fixtures may have degraded with age and may not be protected by GFCIs," CPSC Chairman Hal Stratton said in a statement.

Electrical hazards can cause multiple injuries when others jump into a pool to aid someone who is incapacitated by electrical shock. Instead, parents and pool owners should have an emergency plan in place. The CPSC recommends calling 911, then turning off all power and using a fiberglass hook (a non-conductive device) to carefully remove the victim(s) from the water.

If a swimmer is receiving an electrical shock, he may feel a tingling sensation, feel as if something is holding him in place, or experience muscle cramps and not be able to move at all. Swimmers should move away from the source of the shock and get out of the water. If possible, exit without using a metal ladder because that could increase the risk of shock.

The warning included the following safety tips for preventing electrocutions:

Know where all electrical switches and circuit breakers for pool equipment and lights are located and how to turn them off in an emergency.
Do not swim before, during, or after thunderstorms.
Have an electrician who is qualified in pool and spa repairs inspect and upgrade your pool, spa, or hot tub in accordance with applicable local codes and the National Electrical Code.
Ensure that all electrical wires and junction boxes are at least 5 feet away from water.
Use battery-operated appliances instead of cord-connected appliances in and around a pool, spa, or hot tub.
Test GFCIs monthly to assure continued protection.

-Jeff Stone
2004 American Academy of Pediatrics